intellectual
property
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Intellectual property (IP) is a category of
property
that includes intangible creations of the human intellect.[1][2]
Intellectual property encompasses two types of rights;
industrial property rights (trademarks,
patents,
designations of origin, industrial designs and models) and
copyright.[3][4][5][6][7]
It was not until the 19th century that the term "intellectual property" began to
be used, and not until the late 20th century that it became commonplace in the
majority of the world.[8]
The main purpose of intellectual property law is to encourage the creation of a
large variety of intellectual goods.[9]
To achieve this, the law gives people and businesses property rights to the
information and intellectual goods they create – usually for a limited period of
time. This gives economic incentive for their creation, because it allows people
to profit from the information and intellectual goods they create.[10]
These economic incentives are expected to stimulate innovation and contribute to
the technological progress of countries, which depends on the extent of
protection granted to innovators.[11]
The intangible nature of intellectual property presents difficulties when
compared with traditional property like land or goods. Unlike traditional
property, intellectual property is "indivisible" – an unlimited number of people
can "consume" an intellectual good without it being depleted. Additionally,
investments in intellectual goods suffer from problems of appropriation – a
landowner can surround their land with a robust fence and hire armed guards to
protect it, but a producer of information or an intellectual good can usually do
very little to stop their first buyer from replicating it and selling it at a
lower price. Balancing rights so that they are strong enough to encourage the
creation of intellectual goods but not so strong that they prevent the goods'
wide use is the primary focus of modern intellectual property law.[12]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property
-- 2017 --
January 24:
Do cake designs count as intellectual
property?
Cake hasn’t been controversial since the 1800s when French queen consort Marie
Antoinette
allegedly declared France’s poor, who had no bread, should eat brioche
instead (in English: “let them eat cake”). But at US president Donald Trump’s
inauguration celebrations on Jan. 20, cake became a matter of debate again.
One of Trump’s celebratory cakes—created for the The Salute to Our Armed
Services Ball—was an almost exact imitation of a confection made for the last
Obama inauguration. The story of the copycat cake illuminates the complexity of
American intellectual property law.
https://qz.com/892775/do-cake-designs-count-as-intellectual-property/
March 8:
China provisionally grants Trump 38
trademarks – including for escort service
Ethics lawyers raise alarm over constitutional violation if president given
special treatment in quickly securing 38 new trademarks to develop potential
businesses
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/mar/08/china-approves-trump-trademarks-businesses
March 31:
Trump’s “tough on China” trade report is
much the same as Obama’s in 2016
https://qz.com/947260/trumps-tough-on-china-trade-report-is-much-the-same-as-obamas-in-2016/
-- 2018 --
January 17: President Donald Trump said on
Wednesday the United States was considering a big “fine” as part of a probe into
China’s alleged theft of intellectual property, the clearest indication yet that
his administration will take retaliatory trade action against China.
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-trade-exclusive/exclusive-trump-considers-big-fine-over-china-intellectual-property-theft-idUSKBN1F62SR
January 30: Trump vows to protect U.S.
intellectual property, without directly blaming China
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-china/trump-vows-to-protect-u-s-intellectual-property-without-directly-blaming-china-idUSKBN1FK0GM
February 20: Enforcing International
Intellectual Property Protections in China in the Trump Era
http://law.scu.edu/event/enforcing-international-intellectual-property-protections-in-china-in-the-trump-era/
March 2: As Trump Turns Up Heat On China
Over Trade And Intellectual Property, Will It Backfire?
https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexcapri/2018/03/02/as-trump-turns-up-heat-on-china-over-trade-and-intellectual-property-will-it-backfire/#58fbdc8d27bc
March 11:
A New Front in Trump's Trade War
Taking unilateral action against China's "unfair" IP practices would backfire on
America.
President Donald Trump's approach to trade mainly offends allies for
no reason, counters imaginary
threats, and undermines deals
that benefit the U.S. At the same time, his administration is also addressing a
legitimate trade dispute: China's alleged theft of intellectual property and
forced technology transfers. True to form, the president appears to favor a
response that would make the problem worse.
https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2018-03-11/china-intellectual-property-and-trump-s-next-trade-war
March 22: Trump’s new China tariffs protect
US intellectual property—but hobble innovation
Trump’s proposal is based on an investigation he commissioned in August 2017,
which found that Chinese industrial policies are designed to help its native
companies acquire the technology of US firms and give Chinese companies a leg up
over American competitors, said Peter Navarro, director of the White House
National Trade Council, in a press briefing today. Of particular concern are
China’s longstanding habits of compelling foreign companies to share technology
and form joint-ventures with local partners as a condition of investing in
China.
https://qz.com/1235332/trumps-new-china-tariffs-protect-us-intellectual-property-but-hobble-innovation/
March 22: Can Trump succeed in curbing
China's intellectual property 'theft'?
Intellectual property (IP) is back in focus as US President Donald Trump slaps
wide-ranging tariffs on China for allegedly stealing American technology and IP,
and eroding US firms' competitive edge.
https://www.dw.com/en/can-trump-succeed-in-curbing-chinas-intellectual-property-theft/a-40136538
March 23: How much has the US lost from
China's IP theft?
The United States has long said that intellectual property theft has cost the US
economy billions of dollars in revenue and thousands of jobs.
http://money.cnn.com/2018/03/23/technology/china-us-trump-tariffs-ip-theft/index.html
May 21:
Trump Seeks Public’s Trust on China Talks, Tells Blatant Lie
http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/05/trump-trade-china-tariffs-negotiations-talks-blatant-lie.html
May 21: Trump touts China trade progress,
says Obama and Dems 'did NOTHING'
http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/05/21/trump-touts-china-trade-progress-says-obama-and-dems-did-nothing.html
May 27: How Trump is losing the high-tech
fight with China
Trump would like the world to believe the US government has finally taken the
offensive against China. But it has not: China’s government is the one
playing offence in the realm of high-tech innovation. With plenty of
encouragement from Beijing, China has emerged as the world’s second-largest
investor in research and development (R&D). It spent US$279 billion on R&D last
year, with most of this investment coming from business. China is now poised to
overtake the United States as the world’s top R&D spender within the next
decade. China also makes great efforts to lure back high-tech talent from
overseas. In recent years, the number of Chinese students returning to China
from abroad has been around 80 per cent of those going overseas — up from 31 per
cent in 2007.
http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2018/05/27/how-trump-is-losing-the-high-tech-fight-with-china/
April 24:
The Trump administration is
looking to stop what it calls unfair trade practices, targeting perceived
imbalances, including alleged widespread intellectual property theft.
The Commission on the Theft of American Intellectual Property estimates that
China's purported IP theft costs the U.S. between $225 billion and $600 billion
each year.
Case studies aren't hard to find.
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/24/the-theft-of-intellectual-property-is-driving-trumps-trade-battle.html
November 28: When President Trump and
President Xi Jinping of China sit down to talk trade this week at the Group of
20 summit meeting, their negotiations are likely to be framed by a highly
charged topic: the White House’s insistence that China routinely steals American
technology and intellectual property.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/28/us/politics/intellectual-property-trump-xi.html
December 6: John Bolton: U.S. Won't 'Turn A
Blind Eye' To China's Trade Practices
The arrest and possible extradition of a Chinese business executive highlights
ongoing trade tensions between the U.S. and China that national security adviser
John Bolton says will be a major focus of negotiations over the next three
months.
https://www.npr.org/2018/12/06/674163524/bolton-u-s-wont-turn-a-blind-eye-to-chinas-trade-practices
December 7: Justice Department reportedly
preparing to charge Chinese hackers for targeting US companies
The Justice Department is
prepared to charge hackers who allegedly targeted U.S. technology service
providers under the direction of Beijing, The Wall Street Journal reported
Friday, citing people familiar with the matter.
The sources told the Journal that criminal charges could land as soon as next
week. The newspaper reported that the goal was to gain access to the providers'
networks and steal intellectual property from American companies and agencies.
The Journal reported that the targeted companies provided a broad range of
services including technology infrastructure management and cloud storage. It
did not specify how many hackers are expected to be charged or how many
companies were targeted in this scheme.
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/07/us-reportedly-set-to-charge-chinese-hackers-for-targeting-us-companies.html
-- 2019 --
-- 2020 --
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