Emma Lazarus
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Also see:
Immigration; anti-semitism; New Colossus;
Statue of Liberty; France;
Undated: Emma
Lazarus (July 22, 1849 – November 19, 1887) was an
American author of poetry, prose, and translations, as well as an activist. She
wrote the sonnet
"The
New Colossus" in 1883, which includes "lines of world-wide welcome".[1]
Its lines appear inscribed on a
bronze plaque
on the pedestal of the
Statue of Liberty,[2]
installed in 1903, a decade and a half after Lazarus's death.[3]
She traveled twice to Europe, first in 1883 and again from 1885 to 1887.[27]
On one of those trips,
Georgiana Burne-Jones, the wife of the
Pre-Raphaelite painter
Edward Burne-Jones, introduced her to
William Morris at her home.[28]
She also met with
Henry
James,
Robert Browning, and
Thomas Huxley during her European travels.[16]
Lazarus returned to New York City seriously ill after her second trip to Europe,
and died, two months later on November 19, 1887,[4]
most likely from
Hodgkin's lymphoma. She never married.
[32][33]
She was buried in
Beth Olam Cemetery in
Cypress Hills, Queens. After her death appeared The Poems of Emma Lazarus
(2 vols., Boston and New York, 1889), which comprise such of her poetic work in
previous collections, in periodical publications, and from among her literary
remains as her executors deemed proper to preserve in permanent form.
[24] Her papers are held by the American Jewish Historical Society,
Center for Jewish History;[34]
her letters are collected at
Columbia University.[35]
A stamp featuring the Statue of Liberty and Lazarus' poem, "The New Colossus",
was issued by
Antigua and Barbuda in 1985.[36]
In 1992, she was named as a Women's History Month Honoree by the
National Women's History Project.[37]
She was honored by the Office of the
Manhattan Borough President in March 2008, and her home on West
10th Street was included on a map of
Women's Rights Historic Sites.[38]
In 2009, she was inducted into the
National Women's Hall of Fame.[39]
The
Museum of Jewish Heritage featured an exhibition about Lazarus in 2012.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Lazarus
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